In this paper removal of methylene blue dye from wastewater was studied. Separation was studied by adsorption batch method. Adsorbent is tassel that is an agricultural waste. The effect of temperature, time, pH and solution volume on adsorption was investigated. This adsorbent was eluted and treated by Ethylenediamine 1M for 60 min. The best fitted isotherm model was Langmuir and maximum capacity was obtained 166 mg dye on 1g adsorbent. The best kinetic model was pseudo second order model.

The applicability of the synthesized NiO-SiO2NPs as a novel adsorbent for eliminating Methylene Blue (MB) dye from aqueous media was investigated. Various techniques including BET, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, and EDS were used to characterize this novel adsorbent. The investigation showed the applicability of NiO-SiO2NPs as an available, suitable, and low-cost adsorbent for the proper removal of MB dye from aqueous media. The effect of pH, adsorbent dosage (dose), initial MB dye concentration (C0) contact time (tc), and temperature (T) on the removal percentage (Ad%) of MB dye onto NiO-SiO2NPs was studied and the optimum value of each factor was determined (pH=7, dose=0. 1g, C0=30 mg/L, tc=15 min, and T=298. 0 K). The experimental equilibrium data were fitted to the conventional isotherm models and accordingly, Langmuir isotherm has good applicability for the explanation of experimental data with maximum adsorption capacity of the MB dye for SiO2 and NiO-SiO2NPs were roughly 117. 0 and 140. 0 mg/g respectively. Kinetics experiments were performed to investigate the adsorption kinetics, the pseudo-secondorder kinetics coincided quite with the kinetic results. The thermodynamic behavior of the adsorption process was studied by considering the effect of temperature on the adsorption capacity, where the results showed that the process is spontaneous (, G0 ad < 0) at the used temperature range and exothermic (, Had 0 < 0) with , S0 ad < 0. Based on the magnitude of , H0 ad < 0, it was concluded that the studied adsorption process is a physisorption one.

The paper investigates the solar photodegradation of Methylene Blue dye using copper oxide (CuO) thin films synthesized by the Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method. The structural, morphological, and optical characteristics of the CuO thin films have been investigated by employing a variety of methods, such as Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The outcomes showed that CuO thin films with excellent surface shape and a highly crystalline nature had been successfully deposited. Methylene Blue was subjected to solar radiation during its photodegradation process, and the outcomes showed a significant decrease in the dye's concentration over time. To maximize the photo degradation process, the effects of other experimental factors were also assessed, such as the starting concentration of MB, the quantity of CuO thin film, number of SILAR cycles and the pH of the solution. Good photocatalytic activity is demonstrated by CuO thin films produced using the SILAR approach in the solar photodegradation of methylene blue. The development of affordable and ecologically friendly wastewater treatment technology that can use sun energy to break down persistent organic contaminants is affected by these findings.

The current research seeks to introduce a new catalytic system called poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium)- [Zn2(BDC)1.5(L)(DMF)], which refers to a thermo-responsive amphiphilic Zinc-MOF-paired ionic co-polymeric hydrogel, composed of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid sodium) hydrogel and [Zn2(BDC)1.5(L)(DMF)] as a metal-organic framework. The catalytic system was constructed using free-radical polymerization at ambient temperature. Dynamic light scattering was then used to assess the temperature-responsiveness of the adsorbent and determine the hydrodynamic radii of the constructed compounds. LCST of the composite was around 56-58 ͌C. To determine the amounts of Zn metals in the prepared compound, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used. The prepared composites were used to adsorb Methylene Blue from aqueous solutions. The results showed that p(NIPAM-co-NaAMPS)‐([Zn2(BDC)1.5(L)(DMF)]) composite had the potential to effectively adsorb the methylene blue in the solid-liquid biphasic reaction system. After the catalytic activity was completed, the adsorbent could be easily separated from the reaction media by manipulating temperature.  It could also be reused without any loss in activity.

Synthetic dyes are among the most common contaminants of the environment. Therefore, the aim of this study was investigation the removal of Basic Blue 41 (BB41) and Methylene Blue (MB) from industrial effluents by useing raw and modified rice stems. In this study raw and modified rice stems treated chemically with Citric Acid (CA) and were used to explore the potentiality of rice stems for removal of BB41 and MB dyes. Effect of various parameters including pH, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial dye concentration on the adsorption were studied. To characterize the adsorbents, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used. The adsorbent surface functional groups identified with Fourier Transform InfraRed (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The applicability of the adsorption data was explained by Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and BET isotherms. The results showed that increasing of contact time and adsorbent dose, dye removal increases for both raw and modified adsorbents. Dye adsorption on to adsorbent increased with increasing of pH. Also the results indicated that dye removal efficiency was increased by decreasing initial dye concentration. Among studied isotherms, data were fitted well by Langmuir model (R2>0.98) for both raw and modified adsorbents. Also, adsorption kinetics were more fitted by pseudo second order model (R2>0.99).The results of the present work showed that rice stem was a good, low cost and effective adsorbent for removal of BB14 and MB from industrial effluents.

Background: Breast cancer is the major cause of death from cancer among women around the world. Given the drug resistance in the treatment of this disease, it is very important to identify new therapies and anticancer drugs. Many studies demonstrated that hypericin could induce apoptosis in different cancer cell lines; however, the underlying mechanism is not well understood yet. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the anticancer effect of hypericin in two breast cancer cell lines, one with wild type P53 and the other with mutant P53. Methods: In this study, the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-175-VII cell lines were treated with different concentrations of hypericin for 24 and 48 hours. The measurement of cell death was performed by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis rate was measured using annexin V/propidium iodide assay through flow cytometry. The level of expression in P21 and P53 genes was evaluated by real time PCR. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) analysis was performed for P21 (direct target for P53 protein) to confirm the results. Results: The results showed that hypericin could have dose-dependent cytotoxic effects on the MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-175-VII cell lines, and its cytotoxicity is much higher in the latter cells. According to flow cytometry results, 86% of MDA-MB-175-VII cells underwent apoptosis with IC50 dose of hypericin for MDA-MB-231 cells after 24 hours. Moreover, after 24 hours of exposure to hypericin with MDA-MB-231 IC50 concentration, the expression of P53 and P21 genes upregulated in MDA-MB-175-VII much more than MDA-MB-231 when both cell lines were treated with 24 hours IC50 dose of MDA-MB-231. The ICC analysis on P21 confirmed that by treating both cell lines with MDA-MB-231 IC50 dose of hypericin for 24 hours, this protein is overexpressed much more in MDA-MB-175-VII cells. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that hypericin’ s apoptotic and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells may be mediated via P53 overexpression, cell cycle arrest and the subsequent apoptosis. Therefore, it is of great importance to consider that hypericin would have better impact on cells or tumors with wild type P53.

Soil unsaturated zone is one of the important parts of hydrological cycle that has an especial role in agricultural water resources management. The objective of this research was to determine the amount of root water uptake under simultaneous water, salinity, and nitrogen stresses as prevailing conditions in arid and semi-arid regions. To do so, the experiment was conducted with four quantitative levels of irrigation water including 120, 100, 80, and 60 percent of crop water requirement, four qualitative levels of irrigation water including 1.2, 3, 5, and 8 dSm-1 and four nitrogen fertilizer levels including 100, 75, 50, and zero percent of fertility requirement. The results indicated that based on calculated statistics, the basil response was suitable simulated by MB-MB-EXP model under simultaneous triple water, salinity, and nitrogen stresses (nRMSE=7.22 and ME=19.05). The sensitivity analysis of the models indicated that MB-MB-VG model with the lowest input parameters and relatively low sensitivity to these parameters (Sc<1.5) has a better accuracy than other studied models (nRMSE=7.45 and ME=19.75).